Bava Metzia 130

Chapter 130

א והלכתא כרב חמא והלכתא כרבי אלעזר והלכתא כרבי ינאי דאמר מה לי הן ומה לי דמיהן:
1 Now, the law is as R. Hama;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' With reference to this form of interest. ');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ב <big><strong>מתני'</strong></big> מכר לו את השדה ונתן לו מקצת דמים ואמר לו אימתי שתרצה הבא מעות וטול את שלך אסור הלוהו על שדהו ואמר לו אם אי אתה נותן לי מכאן ועד שלש שנים הרי היא שלי הרי היא שלו וכך היה ביתוס בן זונין עושה ע"פ חכמים:
2 and the law is as R. Eleazar;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 61b, that direct interest is legally reclaimable. ');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ג <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מי אוכל פירות רב הונא אמר מוכר אוכל פירות רב ענן אמר משלשין את הפירות ולא פליגי הא דאמר לכי מייתית קני הא דאמר לכי מייתית קני מעכשיו
3 and the law is as R. Jannai, who said: What is the difference between them themselves [sc. the provisions] and the value thereof?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 63a. ');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ד תני רב ספרא ברבית דבי רבי חייא פעמים ששניהם מותרין פעמים ששניהם אסורין ופעמים שהמוכר מותר ולוקח אסור ופעמים שהלוקח מותר ומוכר אסור
4 <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. IF A MAN SOLD A FIELD, AND HE [THE BUYER] HAVING PAID PART OF THE PURCHASE PRICE, THE VENDOR PROPOSED, 'WHENEVER YOU DESIRE, BRING ME THE BALANCE AND TAKE YOUR OWN' [SC. THE FIELD], THAT IS FORBIDDEN.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi: When the balance is paid, the field shall have belonged to the buyer from the time of purchase. Now, should the vendor take the usufruct, when the balance is paid, he has enjoyed that which really belonged to the purchaser, and it looks like interest on the balance, for which he waited. On the other hand, should the purchaser take its profits from the time of the deposit and never complete the transaction, the deposit being returned, he has thus received interest on it. ');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ה עני רבא בתריה פעמים ששניהם מותרין דאמר ליה קני כשיעור זוזך פעמים ששניהם אסורין דא"ל לכי מייתית קני מעכשיו
5 IF HE LENT MONEY ON A FIELD AND SAID TO HIM [THE DEBTOR], 'IF YOU DO NOT REPAY ME WITHIN THREE YEARS, IT [THE FIELD] IS MINE' — IT BECOMES HIS; AND THUS DID BOETHUS B. ZUNIN DO, [ACTING] WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE SAGES.
ו פעמים מוכר מותר ולוקח אסור דאמר ליה לכי מייתית קני פעמים שהלוקח מותר ומוכר אסור דאמר ליה קני מעכשיו וזוזאי ליהוו הלואה גבך
6 <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. Who enjoys the usufruct? — R. Huna said: The vendor; R. 'Anan said: It is entrusted to a third party.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who retains them for one or the other, as the case may be. ');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ז מאן תנא שניהם אסורין אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע דלא כרבי יהודה דאי רבי יהודה הא אמר צד אחד ברבית מותר:
7 But there is no dispute: the former is the case if he stipulated, 'When you bring it [the balance], [then] acquire it;'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence in the meanwhile the profit is the vendor's. ');"><sup>6</sup></span>
ח משכן לו בית משכן לו שדה ואמר לו לכשתרצה למוכרם לא תמכרם אלא לי בדמים הללו אסור בשוייהן מותר
8 the latter if he stipulated, 'When you bring it, acquire it from now.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Therefore neither the vendor nor the purchaser can take the profit, and hence it is entrusted to a third party. ');"><sup>7</sup></span>
ט מאן תנא בדמים הללו אסור אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע דלא כרבי יהודה דאי רבי יהודה האמר צד אחד ברבית מותר:
9 R. Safra learnt in the [collection of Baraithas on] usury of the School of R. Hiyya: Sometimes both [the vendor and the purchaser] are permitted [to enjoy the usufruct]; sometimes both are forbidden; sometimes the vendor is permitted and the purchaser forbidden; and sometimes the purchaser is permitted and the vendor forbidden.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Without stating the conditions of each. ');"><sup>8</sup></span>
י מכר לו בית מכר לו שדה ואמר לו לכשיהיו לי מעות החזירם לי אסור לכשיהיו לך מעות אחזירם לך מותר: מאן תנא אמר רב הונא בריה דרב יהושע דלא כרבי יהודה דאי רבי יהודה האמר צד אחד בריבית מותר
10 Thereupon Raba explained: 'Sometimes both are permitted,' viz., if he stipulates, 'Acquire [forthwith] in proportion to your deposit;'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Then they share the profit on a pro rata basis. ');"><sup>9</sup></span>
יא מאי שנא רישא ומ"ש סיפא אמר רבא רישא דלא אמר ליה מדעתיה סיפא דא"ל מדעתיה:
11 'sometimes both are forbidden,' if he stipulates, 'When you bring it [the balance], let it be yours from now;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As explained on p. 384, n. 5. ');"><sup>10</sup></span>
יב ההוא גברא דזבין ליה ארעא לחבריה שלא באחריות חזייה דהוה קא עציב אמר ליה אמאי עציבת אי טרפו לה מינך מגבינא לך שופרא שבחא ופירי
12 'sometimes the vendor is permitted but the purchaser forbidden,' if he stipulates, 'When you bring it, [then] acquire it;' 'and sometimes the purchaser is permitted and the vendor forbidden,' if he states, 'Let it be yours from now, and the balance be a loan [from me to you].'
יג אמר אמימר
13 Which Tanna holds that both are forbidden? — R. Huna the son of R. Joshua said: It does not agree with R. Judah; for were it in accordance with R. Judah — surely, he maintained that one-sided interest is permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. p. 384, n. 7. Here too, should the vendor take the usufruct and the sale remain uncompleted, there is no interest, and therefore on R. Judah's view, it is permitted. ');"><sup>11</sup></span> If a man mortgages a house or a field, and he [the creditor] says to him, 'Should you wish to sell it, you must let me have it at this price [less than its value],' — that is forbidden: 'at its real value,' — that is permitted. Which Tanna maintains that [if he stipulates] 'at this price,' it is forbidden — R. Huna the son of R. Joshua said: It does not agree with R. Judah; for were it in accordance with him — surely he holds that one-sided interest is permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 63a. Here too, there is no certainty that the mortgagee will sell his field at all. ');"><sup>12</sup></span> If he sells a house or a field, and says to the purchaser, 'When I have money, resell it to me,' — that is forbidden. [If the buyer says], 'When you have money, I will resell it to you,' — that is permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The first is forbidden, as it looks like evasion of usury: the purchaser gives a sum of money to the vendor, in return for which he uses the field until the former repays him. ');"><sup>13</sup></span> With which Tanna does this agree? — R. Huna the son of R. Joshua said: Not with R. Judah; for if it agreed with him — surely he ruled that one-sided interest is permitted.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 63a. Here too, it may be that the field will not be repurchased, in which case there is no interest. ');"><sup>14</sup></span> What is the difference between the first clause and the second? — Raba answered: In the second clause, he [the buyer] stipulated that it [the re-sale] should be voluntary.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' At the option of the buyer; therefore it is purely a business deal. But when the vendor stipulates that the buyer must re-sell, it is a disguised loan. ');"><sup>15</sup></span> A man once sold an estate to his neighbour without surety.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 14a. ');"><sup>16</sup></span> Seeing that he [the purchaser] was disquieted, he said to him, 'Why are you disquieted? Should it be seized from you [for a debt of mine], I will repay you out of the best of my estate, [even] for your improvements and the crops.' Said Amemar:
Previous ChapterNext Chapter